"You may be surprised to learn that of the trio of long-awaited coronavirus
vaccines, the most promising, Moderna's mRNA-1273, which reported a 94.5
percent efficacy rate on November 16, had been designed by January 13. This
was just two days after the genetic sequence had been made public in an act of
scientific and humanitarian generosity that resulted in China's Yong-Zhen
Zhang's being temporarily forced out of his lab. In Massachusetts, the Moderna
vaccine design took all of one weekend. It was completed before China had even
acknowledged that the disease could be transmitted from human to human, more
than a week before the first confirmed coronavirus case in the United States.
By the time the first American death was announced a month later, the vaccine
had already been manufactured and shipped to the National Institutes of Health
for the beginning of its Phase I clinical trial."

conclusion:
Every country, or at least an area of neighbouring countries, need vaccine
production of their own. So when the plague is bad enough, the vaccine can be
produced locally and rapidly.